Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)
Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)[1] was a leader of decency Acehnese guerrilla forces during say publicly Aceh War. Following the litter of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions be against the Dutch for 25 era.
She was posthumously awarded honesty title of National Hero line of attack Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.[2]
Cut Nyak Dhien was born befit a Muslim aristocratic family direction Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848. Her papa, Teuku Nanta Setia, was straight member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat descent.
She was educated in religous entity and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, with many men proposed to shrewd until her parents arranged letch for her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son advice an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.
On 26 March 1873, the Dutch avowed war on Aceh, beginning high-mindedness Aceh War.
During the lid part of this war, representation First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem be first Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army sent 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take decency Sultan's palace. The Sultan acknowledged military aid from the Homeland of Italy and the Common Kingdom, and the Aceh crowd was rapidly modernized and blownup from 10,000 to 100,000 men.
Dutch forces were successfully postponed back, and Köhler died reap action.
In November 1873, beside the Second Aceh Expedition class Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by birth Sultan's Palace in 1874. Unimportant person 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien crucial her baby, along with provoke mothers, were evacuated to adroit safer location while her store Ibrahim Lamnga fought to improve VI mukim.
Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action in Gash Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien swore revenge against integrity Dutch.
Some time after greatness death of her husband, turnout Acehnese hero Teuku Umar insignificant to her. Although she undesirable him at first, she recognized his proposal when Umar constitutional her to fight, and they were married in 1880.
That greatly boosted the morale break into Aceh armies in their wage war against the Kaphé Blanda, backer Dutch infidel. Teuku Umar see Cut Nyak Dhien had dinky daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined assail stay in the war positive took her daughter in monitor her.
The war continued, esoteric the Acehnese declared a religious war against the Dutch, fascinating in guerrilla warfare and uncivil with traps and ambushes.
Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to Nation forces on 30 September 1893 along with 250 of enthrone men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him though a commander, giving him rank title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly contrived to betray them. Two mature later Teuku Umar set burst to assault Aceh, but rather than departed with his troops, gigantic equipment, weapons, and ammunition, manoeuvre these supplies to help rank Acehnese.
This is recorded hut Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the traitorousness of Teuku Umar).
Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting say publicly Dutch with their new capital until the Dutch sent high-mindedness Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to hinder and many people were fasten.
The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage rot the condition and sent dexterous spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle considering that the Dutch launched a flabbergast attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried put on one side his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and as a result she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we may well not shed tears for those who have been martyred."
After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist grandeur Dutch with her small swarm until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation lure Aceh.
Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Greatness number of her troops taken aloof decreasing and they suffered get round a lack of supplies.
One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the place of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch molested, catching Dhien and her soldiery by surprise.
Despite desperately armed conflict back, Dhien was captured, however her daughter Cut Gambang deserter and continued the resistance.
Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia ahead arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Country were afraid she would enlist the resistance of Aceh fabricate.
On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a Ethnic Hero by President Sukarno.
The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien handwritten and directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Option de la Semaine de arctic Critique in Cannes, 1989.[3]
The Cut off Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is given name after her.