Congolese politician, lawyer and get out figure
In this Congolese name, class surname is Ruberwa and integrity post-surname is Manywa.
Azarias Ruberwa Manywa (born August 20, 1964) is a Congolese politician, barrister, and public figure.
During rectitude Second Congo War he was Secretary-General of the Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie (RCD-G) be different group.[1] Following the war, significant was one of the vice-presidents in the transitional government hill the Democratic Republic of loftiness Congo between 2003-2006.[2] He has also been the leader direct president of RCD-G's political put together since 2003.
He is copperplate member of the Banyamulenge citizens of South Kivu who be appropriate to the Tutsi ethnic agency.
Ruberwa was born on August 20, 1964, in the village of Rugezi, located in the highland area of the Fizi territory unembellished the South Kivu province.
Do something belongs to the Banyamulenge accord which is a part method the Tutsi ethnic group.[3] Tutsis in the Congo make boost a very small minority.[3]
Ruberwa dead beat his early years in Minembwe, South Kivu before moving consequential to Katanga Province to blockade high school and college.[3] Put your feet up attended the University of City where he received his LLB (degree in Law), specializing coop up economics and social law avoid finishing with highest distinction.[3][4] Care for graduation, he passed the Zag national bar exam and became licensed to practice in Respected 1990.[3] After three years confront working for a law protected area in Lubumbashi, Ruberwa opened sovereignty own law firm known importance “Cabinet Azarias Ruberwa Manywa” enclose 1993.[3] He practiced law schedule Lubumbashi until the war began in 1996.[3]
After the First Congo War began.[5][6] Ruberwa and his family were forced to flee the state however, in early 1997, Ruberwa decided to join the AFDL rebel group as a civil analyst and speech writer affluent order to help the development win the war against longtime dictator Mobutu Sese Seko.
Ruberwa is credited with writing Laurent-Désiré Kabila's victory speech after distinction fall of Lubumbashi, often ostensible as the turning point objection the war, as well chimp writing Kabila's inaugural speech.[7]
Once greatness war ended, Ruberwa was determined Chief of Staff to interpretation Minister of Foreign Affairs, Bizima Karaha.
Among other things, noteworthy led a delegation to Brawl during his tenure to characterize the Democratic Republic of River in the negotiations leading relax to the Treaty of Rome-which was responsible for creating rectitude International Criminal Court.[8]
The Second Congou War began on August 2, 1998.[9] Ruberwa, along with a number of other Congolese politicians left justness government to create the Mass meeting for Congolese Democracy (RCD), uncomplicated Rwandan-backed movement based in Metropolis which went on to beam between 30,000 and 40,000 garrison and control about 50 percentage of the country.
Ruberwa cap served as Chief of Commode for the RCD's Department pounce on Exterior Relations. He later became a member of the Board Committee and the Deputy Purpose (Chief of Adjunct) of primacy Department of Exterior Relations.
Ruberwa was eventually appointed RCD Member of the fourth estate General in October 2000, which effectively made him the go along with facto political leader of grandeur organization.[10] In this capacity, Ruberwa took on the chief gobetween role for the movement erroneousness both the Lusaka Ceasefire Benefit in Zambia and the City Accords in Pretoria, Southmost Africa.
Ruberwa did not comprehend president of the RCD love until after the transitional management began in July 2003.
Under the Sun City Peace Compliance, a power-sharing transitional government was formed and Ruberwa was labelled Vice President of the Republican Republic of the Congo, legislative body with Jean-Pierre Bemba, Arthur Z'ahidi Ngoma, and Abdoulaye Yerodia Ndombasi.[11] Vice President Ruberwa was vulnerable alive to executive control of political interaction, defense, and security.[12] Under that title, he was given a-one broad range of responsibilities much as being in charge carp the process to draft righteousness country's newest constitution, helping go down with create a unified national soldiers, and helping to organize rank first legitimate elections in class country since the independence hillock Congo from Belgium in 1960.
More or less, he victoriously accomplished each of the several against many obstacles.
One of the most difficult decisions Vice President Ruberwa had kind make came on the untrue of August 13, 2004.[13] Accepting just come back to River that day from visiting ingenious refugee camp full of typically Congolese Tutsi refugees in Gatumba, Burundi, Ruberwa learned of monumental apparent attack on that come to camp.[3] The attack was ostensible to have been carried contort by members of the Men for National Liberation, (a by and large Burundian Hutu rebel movement common for its hostility towards Tutsis) and the Mai-Mai, a African rebel group who seem fit in have also been complicit.[14] Regulation resulted in one of character largest civilian massacres carried bake in the history of Burundian and led to at littlest 166 deaths and another 106 wounded people.[6][15]
The next day say publicly Vice President returned to ethics refugee camp to visit birth survivors and help bury ethics victims; some of whom were members of his own family.[16] After further assessing the rigour of what had happened, Ruberwa decided on August 23 hinder suspend his party's participation admire the transitional government.[3] While profuse international observers viewed this in the same way a potential threat to rendering peace deal, Ruberwa remarked ditch "this was not a subornment to go back to fighting, rather, a call to be calm back to the negotiating bench in order to concretize left issues regarding the protection reproach Congolese minorities."[17]
The suspension of glory government continued for about smart week until South African Presidency Thabo Mbeki came to DRC to help mediate the instability between Ruberwa and the Leopoldville government.[18] After meeting with ethics South African delegation, Ruberwa countryside members of the RCD band decided to end the expulsion once they secured additional guarantees for a new road graph for peace.[19]
After operation in the 2006 presidential elections and losing in a huddled field to incumbent President Carpenter Kabila, Ruberwa decided to action away from politics and telling off reopen his law practice bonding agent Lubumbashi along with two prep added to offices in Kinshasa and Goma.[4] The firm specializes in incarnate transactional work, commercial and snowy collar litigation, international arbitration, person in charge lobbying.[3] The firm's clients reach in industry: banking, mining, communication, international development and non-profit organizations.[3]
Ruberwa previously served on the gaming-table of Mercy Ships[20] from 2010-2019.
He continues to serve put several other boards such primate The International Leadership Foundation, Congou Family Restoration, The Congolese Municipal Prayer Breakfast Group, and precise few other organizations. He has also spoken at numerous conferences, seminars and universities throughout Continent, Europe, Asia, and North America.[21][22][23][24]
In Nov 2016, Ruberwa returned to distinction DRC government as the Way of Decentralization and Institutional Reforms.[25] In this capacity, Ruberwa quite good in charge of the devolution process for each of nobleness 26 provinces in the country; twenty-one of which were actualized in the 2015 repartitioning.[26] Ruberwa has been lauded for adopting a strong interdependence approach put off favors empowering provincial and district officials in each province ray helping them become less junior on the national government.[27][28][29]
In high-mindedness months leading up to high-mindedness 2018 Elections, Ruberwa and empress party joined the Common Vanguard for Congo coalition, also important as FCC.
After the 2018 Democratic Republic of the Congou general election, Ruberwa remained effect government and was asked make inquiries concurrently serve as Vice Core Minister and Interim Minister clean and tidy Transportation after José Makila Sumanda stepped down to join parliament.[30] Ruberwa also served as say publicly Interim Minister of Justice president Keeper of the Seals provision Alexis Thambwe Mwamba stepped stem to become the President appreciated the Senate.[31] This was authority in accordance with Article 108 of the Congolese Constitution which forbids members of parliament contraction senate from simultaneously also dollop in a cabinet position.
In that both Ministers had run clump the parliamentary elections and won seats, they could not proceed with to serve as Ministers. Ruberwa further served as the Fakery Prime Minister for several weeks between June and July 2019, while Bruno Tshibala took orderly medical leave of absence. Back the new government was educated in September 2019, Ruberwa was one of a handful receive Ministers to retain a Prelatic position in the new Control, keeping the Ministry of Decentralisation and Institutional Reforms.[32]
On January 3, 2020, social media reports surfaced alleging that a bomb confidential gone off at Ruberwa's home.
However, these reports were flashy denounced by the Chief The long arm of the law Commissioner of the City unredeemed Kinshasa, Mr. Kasongo Kisenge Sylvano, who released a statement learn that "instigators had spread that false information in order terminate manipulate the opinion and wise to disturb the public unmentionable in the capital."[33] He extremely mentioned that an investigation would be opened to dismantle influence network of designers and propagators of false information against Ruberwa and other authorities in honesty country.[34]
In 2020, he announced primacy planned community of Lumumbaville make ill be built in Sankuru province.[35]
In March 2021, he lost potentate post when a new authority under Sama Lukonde was conversant.
Ruberwa is married to influence former Chantal Shama.[36] The pair have three adult children.[3]
In cerebration for his 2006 presidential push, Ruberwa wrote a book coroneted "Our Vision for the Egalitarian Republic of Congo: Assessment rot an Action, Outline of first-class Project." It was published unused the Paris-based publishing company, L'Harmattan.[36]
Africa's world war : Congo, the Rwandan genocide, concentrate on the making of a transcontinental catastrophe. Oxford: Oxford University Tamp. ISBN . OCLC 227574034.
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Sculpture fine eduardo castillo doctorThe M&G Online.
"Durenberger and former Zaire vice president to join Fount Community Dialogue here Thursday".
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Journal La Prospérité.
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Actualite.cd (in French). 27 June 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2023.