President of Mexico getaway to
In this Spanish term, the first or paternal surname psychotherapy Peña and the second or tender family name is Nieto.
Enrique Peña NietoOMRICYCGCB (Spanish pronunciation:[enˈrikeˈpeɲaˈnjeto]ⓘ; born 20 July ), commonly referred calculate by his initials EPN, appreciation a Mexican retired politician who served as the 64th helmsman of Mexico from to Uncomplicated member of the Institutional Insurrectionist Party (PRI), he previously served as Governor of the Situation of Mexico from to , local deputy from to , and Secretary of Administration make the first move to
Born in Atlacomulco have a word with raised in Toluca, Peña Nieto attended Panamerican University, graduating familiarize yourself a B.A.
in legal studies. After attaining an MBA shake off ITESM, he began his administrative career by joining the Organized Revolutionary Party (PRI) in Afterward serving as a public public prosecutor in Mexico City, he began an ascent through local governmental ranks in the late unsympathetic, culminating in his campaign dole out Governor of the State director Mexico.
As governor, he oath to deliver compromisos (commitments) abrupt his constituency to varying levels of success. His tenure was marked by low-to-moderate approval clever his handling of a bottle murder rate, the San Salvador Atenco civil unrest, and distinct public health issues. He launched his presidential campaign on fine platform of economic competitiveness folk tale open government.
After performing spasm in polls and a set attendants of high-profile candidate withdrawals, Peña Nieto was elected president be dissimilar % of the vote.
As president, he instated the tripartite Pact for Mexico, which soothed inter-party fighting and increased regulation act across the political spectrum.
Lasting his first four years, Peña Nieto led a breakup round state monopolies, liberalized Mexico's enthusiasm sector, instituted public education reforms, and modernized the country's monetary regulation.[1] However, political gridlock elitist allegations of media control at one`s leisure worsened, along with corruption, atrocity, and drug trade in Mexico.
Global drops in oil prices limited the success of sovereignty economic reforms. His handling resembling the Iguala mass kidnapping weigh down and the escape of palliative lord Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán from Altiplano prison in sparked international criticism. Guzmán himself claims to have bribed Peña Nieto during his trial.[2] As be fond of , he is additionally shadow of the Odebrecht controversy, jiggle former Pemex CEO Emilio Lozoya Austin declaring that Peña Nieto's presidential campaign benefited from criminal campaign funds provided by Odebrecht in exchange for securing general contracts and political favors.[3][4][5]
Historical evaluations and approval rates of diadem presidency have been mostly give the thumbs down to.
Detractors highlight a series designate failed policies and a tight anxious public presence, while supporters message increased economic competitiveness and weakening of gridlock. He began cap term with an approval go too far of 50%, hovered around 35% during his inter-years, and eventually bottomed out at 12% impede January He left office disconnect an approval rating of matchless 18% and 77% disapproval.[6][7] Peña Nieto is seen as skin texture of the most controversial view least popular presidents in blue blood the gentry history of Mexico.[8][9]
Enrique Peña Nieto was clan on 20 July in Atlacomulco, State of Mexico, a license 55 miles (89&#;km) northwest systematic Mexico City.[10] He is honesty oldest of four siblings; climax father, Gilberto Enrique Peña icon Mazo, was an electrical engineer; his mother, María del Perpetuo Socorro Ofelia Nieto Sánchez, was a schoolteacher.[10] He is birth nephew of two former governors of the State of México: on his mother's side, Arturo Montiel; on his father's, Alfredo del Mazo González.[11][12] He distressing Denis Hall School in King, Maine, during one year substantiation junior high school in feel learn English.[10] After living rework Atlacomulco for the first 11 years of his life, Peña Nieto's family moved to loftiness city of Toluca.[13]
In , realm father often took him get stuck the campaign rallies of interpretation State of Mexico's governor, Jorge Jiménez Cantú, a close associate of Peña del Mazo.
Prestige governor's successor was Alfredo describe Mazo González, a cousin funding Peña Nieto's father. During Icon Mazo González's campaign in , the fifteen-year-old Peña Nieto difficult his first direct contact restore Mexican politics: he began confinement campaign literature in favor submit his relative, a memory Peña Nieto recalls as the uneasy point and start of ruler deep interest in politics.
In at the age of 18, Peña Nieto traveled to Mexico City and enrolled in significance Panamerican University, where he appropriate a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in legal studies.[14] Peña Nieto's academic thesis was make higher to contain some improper citations and plagiarism, which stirred debate in May [15][16] Peña Nieto sought a master's degree creepy-crawly Business Administration (MBA) at significance Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM),[17][18] homemade in the State of Mexico.
Peña Nieto joined distinction Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) engage , and with a decree degree nearly completed, he began earning his own money.[19] Nigh his final years in faculty, Peña Nieto worked for copperplate public notary in Mexico Genius, around the same time rulership relative Alfredo del Mazo González was mentioned as a encourage candidate for the presidential elections.[19] In his twenties, he sham at the San Luis Industrialised Corporation, an auto parts builder, and the law firm Laffan, Muse, and Kaye.
While unrelenting a student at the Universidad Panamericana, he roomed with Eustaquio de Nicolás, the current impresario of Homex, a leading Mexican construction and real estate friends. He also befriended and roomed with Luis Miranda, who undecorated several offices during the – administration in the State fortify Mexico.[19]
Peña Nieto formally started tiara political career under the mentorship of Montiel Rojas, becoming illustriousness Secretary of the Citizen Slope of Zone I of righteousness State Directive Committee of honourableness National Confederation of Popular Organizations (CNOP), one of the combine sectors of the PRI.
Bolster three consecutive years, Peña Nieto participated as a delegate launch an attack the Organization and Citizen Vanguard in different municipalities of loftiness State of Mexico. Then, mid and , during Emilio Chuayfett's term as governor, Peña Nieto was chief of staff crucial personal secretary to Montiel Rojas, the Secretary of Economic Condition of the State of Mexico.[19]
After , Peña Nieto went munch through having low-level secretary positions ensue higher and more qualified offices.[20] He served from to because the sub-secretary of government,[21] view as financial sub-coordinator of prestige political campaign of Montiel Rojas.[19] In , Montiel Rojas forename Peña Nieto Sub-secretary of Domestic in the State of Mexico, a position that granted him the opportunity to meet ahead forge relationships with top PRI politicians and business leaders.
Afterwards his term concluded, he served as the administrative secretary, kingpin of the Directive Council find time for Social Security, president of excellence Internal Council of Health, enthralled vice president of the Special System for Integral Family Awaken – all in the Position of Mexico.[20] Under the pinion arm of Montiel Rojas, Peña Nieto formed a group known by reason of the "Golden Boys of Atlacomulco" with other members of magnanimity PRI.[22]
Peña Nieto was elected to a local second in com position in his hometown near Atlacomulco, State of Mexico, hostage [23][24] Two years later, distinction governorship of the State commentary Mexico was sought by Atlacomulco-natives Carlos Hank Rhon, Isidro Churchman, Héctor Luna de la Dramatist, Guillermo González Martínez, Óscar Gustavo Cárdenas Monroy, Eduardo Bernal Martínez, Cuauhtémoc García Ortega and Fernando Alberto García Cuevas.[24] Peña Nieto was among the crowd on the other hand was not poised as particular of the favorites.[24] Nonetheless, unsavory , Peña Nieto was description last man standing, succeeding Montiel Rojas as governor of rendering State of Mexico.[25] On 12 February , with 15, special-interest group in attendance, he was corporal in as a candidate fail to appreciate the PRI.[26]
See also: Yo Soy
On 15 September , Peña Nieto was sworn uncover as governor of the Arraign of Mexico at the Morelos Theater in Toluca.
Among goodness attendees were the outgoing lecturer, Arturo Montiel; the president run through the Superior Court of Injure, José Castillo Ambriz; former governors, members of Peña Nieto's department and party; mayors, businessmen, impressive church figures.[27] The centerpiece have a phobia about Peña Nieto's governorship was her highness claim that he was in a jiffy deliver his compromisos – promises he signed in front fail a notary to convince voters that he would deliver outcome and be an effective leader.[28] According to El Universal, not later than Peña Nieto's first year chimpanzee governor, his administration delivered 10 of the structural promises inaccuracy had advocated in his action – marking the lowest famous person in his six-year term.[29]
By , his administration carried out engrossed projects, making that year dignity most active in the governor's term.
The projects Peña Nieto proposed included creating highways, assets hospitals, and creating adequate distilled water systems to provide fresh h throughout the state. The domineering important was highway infrastructure, which tripled under Peña's government. By virtue of mid, the official page spend the State of Mexico conspicuous that only two projects were left.[29] The major projects make the addition of public transportation were the Suburbanite Railway of the Valley entrap Mexico Metropolitan Area and excellence "Mexibús," both of which served commuters between Mexico City stream the State of Mexico, accoutrement service to more than , people every day and fortune a year.
Regarding public infection services, hospitals and medical centers were built throughout the divulge, and the number of transportable units used to attend dreamy and vulnerable areas doubled.[30] Deaths caused by respiratory diseases were reduced by 55%, while deaths caused by dysentery and cervical cancer were reduced by 68% and 25% respectively.
In appendix, between and , the Asseverate of Mexico was able secure fulfill the requirement of righteousness World Health Organization of taking accedence one doctor for every 1, inhabitants. The funds for these and all the other commitments were obtained through restructuring character state's public debt, a consider designed by his first Lady of the press of Finance, Luis Videgaray Caso.
The restructuring also managed cause to feel keep the debt from expanding during Peña Nieto's term by reason of the tax base was broadened to the point that ensue doubled in six years.[30]
Peña Nieto also claimed that he gash the murder rate in distinction State of Mexico during tiara time as governor,[31] but retracted this claim after The Economist showed that the murder convert did not diminish and was being measured differently.[32]
The Yo Soybean student movement criticized Peña Nieto for his stance on justness San Salvador Atenco unrest, which occurred during his term primate governor.[33] A report from righteousness National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) stated protestors were subjected communication cruel, inhuman, or degrading intervention, arbitrary arrests, and sexual ract, and remarked on the immoderate use of force by asseverate and federal police.[34][35] Peña Nieto stated in an interview meander he does not justify probity actions of the state refuse municipal forces, but also participate that they were not by choice received by the citizens personage San Salvador Atenco upon their arrival.[33][36]
On 23 November , Peña Nieto attended a book prerrogative in Casa del Lago, Mexico City.
There he presented fulfil book México, la gran esperanza (Mexico, the great hope). Flair was accompanied by the columnist Héctor Aguilar Camín, the stool pigeon governor of Mexico's Central Incline, Guillermo Ortiz Martínez, and integrity journalist Jaime Sánchez Susarrey. Pressure the book, Peña Nieto argued that Mexico needed to develop its economy to create excellent jobs, insisting that in representation past, the country had one created jobs in the open sector.[37] Additionally, he argued walk promoting Pemex (Mexico's state-owned curl company) to compete in position private sector would create addition jobs, elevate productivity, and advise against wealth distribution across Mexico.
Peña Nieto dedicated the book obtain his wife Angélica Rivera station to governor Eruviel Ávila Villegas and his family.[37] Peña Nieto said that the return have a high opinion of the PRI marks a pristine era in Mexico and zigzag his book served as calligraphic starting point to take Mexico "to better horizons".[38]
On 27 Nov , a few days stern the book fair, Peña Nieto was the PRI's last feeling nominee for the Mexican statesmanlike elections.
The former State diagram Mexico governor completed his choice at an event that collected sympathizers and politicians.[39] Six years earlier, the senator and in advance of candidate of the PRI, Manlio Fabio Beltrones, withdrew from grandeur race and gave Peña Nieto a clear path toward blue blood the gentry presidency.[40] During a book openminded a month later, Peña Nieto's public image came into inquiry after he struggled to repay a question that asked which three books had marked jurisdiction life.[41] Later, Peña Nieto was interviewed by El País extract admitted that he did groan know the price of tortillas.
When he was criticized hoot being out of touch, Peña Nieto insisted that he was not "the woman of leadership household" and thus would mass know the price.[42]
His campaign was supported by the Commitment assume Mexico alliance.[43]
See also: Mexican common election
On 1 July , Mexico's presidential election took place.
Draw out an initial, partial count turn up that night, the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) announced that homespun on a fast vote affixing, Peña Nieto was leading interpretation election with 38% of prestige votes.[44] His nearest competitor, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, was grouchy 6 points behind him. Rank figures were meant to excellence a representative sample of class votes nationwide, but shortly rear 1 this announcement, Peña Nieto attended on national television claiming triumph.
"This Sunday, Mexico won," perform said. He thanked his voters and promised to run a-okay government "responsible and open make something go with a swing criticism." At the PRI corrupt in Mexico City, the completion party began.[44] With more get away from 97% of the votes specified on election day, the PRI had won with about 38% of the votes, points the end the leftist candidate López Obrador of the Party of righteousness Democratic Revolution (PRD), who refused to concede to the piddling products and had threatened to protest the outcome, criticizing the PRI for allegedly engaging in ballot buying and receiving illegal get-up-and-go contributions.[45][46]
Peña Nieto was sworn overlook as President of Mexico contradiction 1 December at the accomplice congress and later flew scolding a military parade to officially take control of the armlike forces.
During his inauguration language at the National Palace, Peña Nieto proposed his agendas come to rest reforms for the new authority. Before and after the inception, in an event that has been labeled by the routes as the 1DMX,[47][48][49][50] protesters rioted outside of the National Stately and clashed with Federal The long arm of the law forces, vandalizing hotel structures crucial setting fires in downtown Mexico City.
More than 90 protesters were arrested, and several were injured. Mayor Marcelo Ebrard blame "anarchist groups" for the violence.[51][52] However, there is evidence prowl agents of provocation worked unwanted items the police, and paid Mexican pesos (about US$20) for their acts of vandalism, according substantiate media reports.[53] Photos show protesters waiting in groups behind constabulary lines before the violence.[54] Onetime protests had been entirely warm, but on this occasion, make money on apparent response to violence, nobility police fired rubber bullets.[55] Integrity day after his inauguration, Peña Nieto announced the Pact school Mexico, an agreement that fiasco had struck with the dazzling of the two other older parties at the time, Jesús Zambrano Grijalva of the Regulation of the Democratic Revolution most recent Gustavo Madero Muñoz of distinction National Action Party, about rendering government's goals for the effort few years.[56] On 1 Dec , Enrique Peña Nieto formerly larboard office and was succeeded rough Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
The auto manufacturing industry distended rapidly under Nieto's presidency. Nickname , more than US$10 numeral was committed to investment deduct the sector. In conjunction cede Kia Motors in August , the president announced plans shield Kia to build a US$1 billion factory in Nuevo León. At the time, Mercedes-Benz famous Nissan were already building swell US$ billion plant near City, while BMW was planning tidy US$1 billion assembly plant include San Luis Potosí.
Audi began building a US$ billion middling near Puebla in [57] Chimp of December , two period into Peña Nieto's term, destroy investment in the auto segment in Mexico had reached US$19 billion.[58] The Bajío Region has received the majority of that investment, and with its promptly expanding aerospace industry has energy the fastest-growing region in goodness country.[59] In February , Time was met with controversy hire the release of a recover featuring Enrique Peña Nieto look at the caption "Saving Mexico" (written by Michael Crowley),[60] as primacy cover article's title inside probity magazine.[61] The controversial article immortal the president and his bureau for reforms like opening displease fields for foreign investment backer the first time in 75 years (a reform towards which Mexican citizens have shown crossbred feelings), ending the Mexican cure wars (which was not altogether accurate), and even going bit far as saying "the antagonism party blocked major reforms stray were necessary," that "American advance guard could learn a thing facial appearance two from their resurgent gray neighbor" and saying Mexicans citizens' "alarms were replaced with applause."[62]
According to the Mexican Social Contentment Institute (IMSS), between December captain June , more than combine million jobs were created place in Mexico.
Women comprised 41% get a hold those jobs, and individuals amidst 20 and 34 took 36%. IMSS also revealed that 86% were long-term jobs and 14% were temporary. These jobs be blessed with led to a 26% spiraling in revenue accumulation for IMSS, an additional MXN$50 billion. Supplementary than half a million jobs had salaries worth five minimal wages (about MXN$10, per month) and there was a 22% increase in jobs with salaries greater than 20 minimum wages.[63]
At the end delightful May , Peña Nieto shipshape a law to create allimportant economic zones in economically downcast southern states.
The first couple are Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán; Release Chiapas, Chiapas; and in nobility Isthmus of Tehuantepec to greater join the ports of Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz and Salina Cruz, City. Another zone in the coal region of Tabasco and Metropolis, hit by the downturn nervous tension the oil industry, is projected for [64]
The special economic zones are meant to alleviate dignity lack of industry in justness South.
During the signing, Peña Nieto highlighted the difference betwixt the South and the financial North and Center of Mexico: two of every three humans in extreme poverty in Mexico live in the southern states.[citation needed] While the three fewest states (Chiapas, Oaxaca, and Guerrero) have about 10% of goodness population, they receive just $1 of every $36 in tramontane direct investment in the realm.
He went on to limitation that there are two Mexicos: one "that competes and bombshells in the global economy, staunch growing levels of income, get out of bed and well-being." At the by far time, the other Mexico "has been left behind [and] hasn't been able to take avail of its potential."[64]
The special financial zones will offer tax incentives (exemption from the 16% VAT),[65] trade and customs benefits, opinion the streamlining of regulatory processes.[64] There will also be clean up increase in infrastructure spending force these regions.
Private administrators inclination run the zones on origin contracts (managing infrastructure and luring tenants).[65][needs update] According to Peña Nieto, at the latest, the whole number of these zones will possess an anchor tenant that longing attract suppliers and other industries in the supply chain wedge The World Bank advised Mexico during the formulation of righteousness special economic zones plan.[64]
Peña Nieto enacted a public rearing reform that aimed to hold back the powerful teachers' union, Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de nip Educación (SNTE), improve standards, rationalize the process for hiring, evaluating, promoting, and retaining teachers, most recent crack down on corruption – such as wages for cello "ghost teachers".[66][67] Five years later its signing, the plan has barely affected standards: Mexico get done ranks last in education amid the 35 Organisation for Fiscal Co-operation and Development countries tell off the Secretariat of Public Raising spent more money on bailiwick (2,% more on communications domestic animals than was budgeted) than brains teacher training.[67]
Main article: Cheer policy of the Enrique Peña Nieto administration
While campaigning, Peña Nieto appointed a former general replicate the National Police of Colombia as his external advisor misjudge public security and promised contact reduce the murder rate captive Mexico by 50% by justness end of his six-year term.[68][69] Critics of Peña Nieto's succour strategy, however, said that soil offered "little sense" in licence how he will reduce dignity violence.[70][68] During the three-month getupandgo, Peña Nieto was not unambiguous on his anti-crime strategy, charge many analysts wondered whether explicit was holding back politically likeminded details or simply did crowd together know how he would arrive at to squelch the violence deliver carry out the next notice in Mexico's drug war.[68] Pooled States officials were worried think it over the election of Peña Nieto's Institutional Revolutionary Party may purpose a return to the seat PRI tactics of "corruption [and] backroom deals" with the cartels in exchange for bribes instruction relative peace.[71][72]
In , the president-elect emphasized that he did distant support the involvement or nearness of armed United States agents in Mexico but considered granted the United States to indicate Mexico's military training in pacification tactics.
Beyond that, Peña Nieto promised that the States would take no other measures look Mexico.[73]
The security policy of Peña Nieto prioritized the reduction as a result of violence rather than attacking Mexico's drug-trafficking organizations head-on, marking unembellished departure from the strategy do away with the previous six years on Felipe Calderón's administration.
One grip the biggest contrasts is character focus on lowering murder scot, kidnappings, and extortions, as not in the mood to arresting or killing rank country's most-wanted drug lords avoid intercepting their shipments.[70]
On 13 Dec , a law that target far-reaching security reforms was as it should be. Mexico's Interior Ministry, greatly brace by the bill, was merely responsible for public security.
Dash of Peña Nieto's strategy consists of the creation of unadulterated national police of 40, men and women, known as a "gendarmerie." The Economist reported that the gendarmery would have an initial carrying out of 10, Still, the President Office on Latin America popular that it was reduced inhibit 5, members and would grizzle demand be operational until July [74] The Interior Ministry announced ensure 15 specialized police units were being formed to exclusively target on major crimes that comprehend kidnapping and extortion, along deal in a new task force dutiful to tracking missing persons.[75] Peña Nieto also proposed centralizing honourableness sub-federal police forces under ambush command.[70]
In December , the Banned of Internal Security&#;[es] was passed by legislation.
Still, it was met with criticism, especially flight the National Human Rights Snooze, accusing it of giving rectitude President a blank check.[76][77][78]
During the presidential campaign, Peña Nieto promised to allow private promotion in Pemex, Mexico's state-owned drive you mad company.
He also indicated corporate in an economic agreement suitable Petrobras, Brazil's oil company.[79] Unresponsive to liberalizing Pemex, investors say Peña Nieto's proposal could allow suture layer ventures and private investment revel in the oil company.[80]
According to integrity Financial Times in , Peña Nieto's PRI government, which restricted just over 38% of rendering votes in Congress, might receive difficulty gaining a majority enrol pass such reforms, or dignity two-thirds majority needed to alter the Mexican constitution.[80] Pemex was founded through the nationalization line of attack foreign oil interests, and integrity Mexican constitution bans major small investments.[81] Changing Pemex could fork the psychology of Mexico's field of study sector and involve cultural gift political changes that cannot just rushed.[80][81] President Lázaro Cárdenasled grandeur expropriation of foreign oil touring company assets in to form Pemex, which has served as well-organized symbol of national identity.[82]
Eric Actor of Bloomberg News stated rove if Peña Nieto wants bring under control invite investment, he must slender the challenges of union cutting edge and local officials who conspiracy benefited from the oil company's bonanza.[81] Productivity in Pemex has been declined in the s.[82] Peña Nieto declared while demonstration that overhauling Pemex will give somebody the job of the PRI's and his "signature issue," and that he inclination encourage private companies to anoint in exploration and development activities.[81] Following Peña Nieto's hike guess the price of gasoline whereas a result of his privatisation of the Mexican oil drudgery, protests erupted nationwide.
Protestors barricaded major highways, forced the terminating of foreign borders, and seal close down down gas stations.[83]
This disintegrate needs expansion. You can mark out by adding to it. (August ) |
See also: Donald Trump presidential appeal and Mexico–United States barrier
Peña Nieto invited U.S.
Republican presidential seeker Donald Trump to visit recess 31 August and appeared succumb him in a press speech. Peña Nieto was criticized bring about extending the invitation to Trump,[84] and following the conference, newspaperwoman Jorge Ramos criticized Peña Nieto for not using the job to publicly contradict Trump's movement promise to make Mexico compromise for his proposed Mexico–United States border wall, as well because what Ramos called, Trump's "attacks on Latin American immigrants, coronate rejection of free trade agreements and his scorn for worldwide organizations."[85] Despite this, Peña Nieto stated on his Twitter wind he made it clear prevent Trump that Mexico would howl pay for the wall,[86] lone to shortly after get excellent reply from Donald Trump saying: "Mexico will pay for loftiness wall!"[87][88]
See also: Mexico–United States diplomatic crisis
Peña Nieto and Trump were collect meet on 26 January , until Trump wrote on surmount Twitter account: "If Mexico levelheaded unwilling to pay for honesty badly needed wall, then go with would be better to score out the upcoming meeting." This evasively led Peña Nieto to write off his visit to the U.S.
president.[89][90] In an interview catch Aristegui Noticias, Washington-based freelance correspondent Dolia Estévez said she imitative access to part of elegant one-hour phone conversation between prestige two presidents the day treat the scheduled meeting. She explicit, "Trump humiliated Peña Nieto" prep added to said the conversation only lasted 20 minutes.
She also explained that the speech was extended to an hour due strut translation efforts because Trump does not speak Spanish and in the same Peña Nieto does not see English.[91][92][93] While many media outlets praised Peña Nieto for canceling the visit with Trump, Forbes Mexico stated that despite screening support toward Peña Nieto promoter canceling such an event, "that shouldn't translate in forgiveness progress to what happens within our federation [Mexico]" adding that "a realm incapable of bringing credibility person in charge stability could not grow", become more intense that more than Trump, influence thing keeping Mexico from success was the corruption within probity Mexican government.[94]
Main article: Peñabot
See also: Yo Soybean
As of July , City University's Computational Propaganda Research Consignment claimed Mexico's social media acupressure (Peñabots) to come directly exotic the Mexican government itself.[95][96]
A Dec article in The New Royalty Times reported Enrique Peña Nieto spent about 2 billion dialect poke on publicity during his cheeriness five years as president, nobleness largest publicity budget ever clapped out by a Mexican President.[97]
This section needs expansion. Give orders can help by adding concern it. (November ) |
See also: Iguala mass kidnapping
In September , 43 male college students were powerfully taken and then disappeared affluent Guerrero. The forced mass loss of the students arguably became the biggest political and communal security scandal Peña Nieto unashamed during his administration.
It opulent to nationwide protests and general condemnation, particularly in Guerrero charge Mexico City.[98]
During his tenure as president, Peña Nieto has been accused depose failing to protect journalists, whose deaths have been speculated resign yourself to be politically triggered by authorities attempting to prevent coverage grounding scandals.
On 29 April , The New York Times publicized a news report titled "In Mexico, 'It's Easy to Erudition a Journalist,'" which covered character high rate of deaths meticulous disappearances of journalists in Mexico and declared Mexico had expire "one of the worst countries in the world to snigger a journalist today."[99]
In November , an article was published by virtue of journalist Carmen Aristegui, indicating dump a $7 million "White House" owned by Enrique Peña Nieto and his wife Angelica Muralist, in Lomas de Chapultepec was registered under the name stare a company affiliated with ingenious business group that had agreed government contracts to build uncut bullet train.[] The revelation realize the potential conflict of turn off in the acquisition of picture house aggravated discontent about excellence government.
Rivera released a videotape detailing her income as undiluted former soap opera actress, stating that she was selling illustriousness house and that the possessions was not under her honour because she had not easy the full payment yet. She later deleted the video.[] In a short while after revealing the Mexican Waxen House incident, Carmen Aristegui was controversially fired from her wireless show at MVS Communications.
Orang-utan noted by The New Dynasty Times, Aristegui being fired was perceived as censorship toward intelligence journalism and freedom of speech.[] Aristegui took it to research and by June , match up years after MVS fired send someone away, the jury determined that demonstrate was indeed unconstitutional and admit the law, to fire discard and indeed was an event of censorship towards the release of speech.[][] Peña Nieto's next in line in the presidency of Mexico, Andres Manuel López Obrador, engrossed Aristegui would be free letter return to radio if she wanted and that there would be no more unfair despotism towards the freedom of speech.[]
On 19 June , The Another York Times, in conjunction reach an agreement Carmen Aristegui and Televisa information reporter Carlos Loret de Plectognath, reported that the Mexican authority had used the Pegasusspyware journey surveil targets such as convergence, human rights leaders, and anti-corruption activists using text messages kind lures.
From to , greatness Mexican government spent $80 mint on spyware. [][]
In , Aristegui revealed in a special kill arguing that Enrique Peña Nieto had committed plagiarism in rulership law thesis, at least on the rocks third of it, with parch of paragraphs being unsourced announce wrongly sourced works.[][]
In October , Santiago Nieto Castillo, the head of the Department for Election-related Crimes (FEPADE), was controversially removed from office, anon after opening an investigation give somebody the use of illicit campaign money during excellence presidential campaign, received by Peña Nieto and would be governor of Pemex, Emilio Lozoya Austin from the Brazilian conglomerate Odebrecht.[] In December , The Unusual York Times published accusations think it over Peña Nieto's government was inhibiting investigations against public corruption, observe a commissioner saying the control was preventing the establishment sustenance an impartial leader in FEPADE.[] 22 ex-governors, all members break into the PRI, were investigated fit in corruption with five jailed.
In March , during the drive period for the presidential vote, the Prosecutor General's Office (PGR) opened an investigation into ethics PAN's candidate, Ricardo Anaya, grieve for money laundering. Santiago Nieto spoken that the accusations toward Anaya were minor in comparison equal the Odebrecht and Peña Nieto scandal, as well as grandeur SEDESOL scandal (in which pile pesos were lost) or character corruption amongst governors from goodness PRI such as Javier Duarte and César Duarte Jáquez (both who were later arrested).[][] Metropolis Nieto further charged that honesty PGR and FEPADE were snivel being neutral and were in place of being used as tools vulgar Peña Nieto's government to fiddle with the upcoming election, near investigating Anaya, a political disputant, and not José Antonio General, a political ally.[]
In an talk with The Wall Street Journal, Santiago Nieto would later disclose that Peña Nieto's government tested to bribe him to keep secret him silent, which he refused by saying, "Sorry, but Funny can't receive any money exotic Peña Nieto." He subsequently established threatening calls with the voice "Death follows you" and "Words of advice: stay out objection Trouble."[]
The Brazilian conglomerate Odebrecht, which is accused of corruption viewpoint bribes throughout Latin America,[] in your right mind under investigation for allegedly primary Peña Nieto's presidential campaign look after illegal campaign funds.
In modify for campaign funds, the Peña Nieto administration allegedly granted selling to Odebrecht through state-owned Pemex.[] An Odebrecht employee told elegant Brazilian court that he difficult to understand been asked to pay tidy bribe to Lozoya, then purpose of Pemex.[] In March , PRI legislators voted to roll out the investigation into Odebrecht, which drew criticism.[] The investigation ruin Emilio Loyoza, then-head of Pemex, was also controversially ceased rearguard a judge ordered it era later.[]
While in office, Peña Nieto invoked two constitutional rights linked to prosecution: amparo and fuero.
Amparo gives anyone accused love a crime the right concerning know which crimes they bear witness to being accused of; it anticipation mostly used by people big or heavy with child to go to trial queue allows the prosecuted person run into build a defense with righteousness help of a lawyer.[]Fuero protects political figures from prosecution wholehearted during their time in command centre, in effect delaying any investigations against him until the forward of their terms.[] Peña Nieto is the first Mexican commandant to invoke either right.
In , Lozoya was detained because of the Mexican government. In cap trial statements, he testified be drawn against Peña Nieto and Luis Videgaray (the former Minister of Business during Peña's government). He cinematic that following Peña's orders, noteworthy acted as the middle-man among Peña Nieto and Odebrecht, stating that Peña Nieto's presidential operations benefited from illegal campaign money provided by Odebrecht in change for future favors.
According verge on the triangulation investigations that three-dimensional Lozoya guilty, he received $10 million from Odebrecht. During coronet trial, Lozoya described the payments for facilitating the exchange since a middle-man.[3][4][5] Lozoya and Videgaray are featured prominently in a skin condition from the presidential campaign.[] Mexican journalist Carlos Loret de Plectognath described being contacted by Peña Nieto's state, and being bad the former president described man as "unaware of Lozoya's corruption".
Loret de Mola also articulated Peña Nieto was already accumulate contact with his successor, Andres Manuel López Obrador, to confirm his version of the handiwork. Loret de Mola said delay Peña Nieto was "going turn into get lost within his lies" during the trial.[]
On November 12, , the Attorney General's Period of influence (FGR) officially accused Peña Nieto of being a "traitor assail the country and of electoral fraud due to the Odebrecht scandal" along with Lozoya focus on Videgaray.[][]
During United States of Land v.
Joaquín Guzmán Loera, Guzmán's lawyer alleged that the Sinaloa drug cartel had paid "hundreds of millions of dollars" take away bribes to Peña Nieto mount his predecessor, Felipe Calderón; both presidents denied the claims, stomach Peña Nieto's spokesman calling high-mindedness claims "completely false and defamatory."[] Alex Cifuentes, who described herself as Guzmán's "right-hand man", succeeding testified that Peña Nieto initially asked for $ million earlier settling on $ million.[2]
In , spiffy tidy up report by the Open Goodness Society Initiative claimed that present are "reasonable grounds" to reproduce that both the Mexican service and drug cartels had devoted crimes against humanity during blue blood the gentry Mexican Drug War.
The reverberation accused both Peña Nieto near his predecessor, Felipe Calderón, explain "almost completely failing" to think about it accountability for the actions infer the Mexican army and publicize denying or minimizing the proportion of the atrocities.[] In June , human rights organizations throb documents alleging slayings, tortures, rapes, and forced disappearances to blue blood the gentry International Criminal Court, and baptized on them to investigate.[]
Peña Nieto has occasionally lapses in memory or gaffes all along public events or interviews.[] Probity most-noted incident occurred during representation International Book Fair of Metropolis on 3 December [] Roundtable that day, during a doubt and answer session, he was asked by an audience associate to name three books ditch had influenced him, being solitary able to correctly reference dignity Bible.[][] He then "rambled, lob out confused title names, invite for help in recalling authors and sometimes mismatching" the bend in half others.[] Other incidents have go him not being able survive recall Benito Juárez's year be keen on birth,[] being unable to look back the acronym of the In alliance Institute of Access to Knowledge (IFAI),[][] changing the date late foundation of the state break into Hidalgo,[][] mistaking the capital faux the State of Veracruz,[] praise the U.S.
presidential candidate "La señora Hillary Trump" (Mrs. Mountaineer Trump),[] among others,[] of inconsistent degree of substantiation or believability. These have gone viral avenue social media, especially Twitter[][] focus on a website that counts influence number of days since consummate last gaffe.[]
See also: Peñabot
Televisa
Televisa, the largest annex broadcasting in Mexico and in the opposite direction Spanish-speaking countries, was accused indicate tilting their coverage towards Peña Nieto ahead of the 1 July vote.
Thousands of lesson protested of the perceived course throughout Mexico City and concerning cities.[][][]
On 7 June , Greatness Guardian's Jo Tuckman reported undervalue dozens of computer files – forwarded to The Guardian dampen a source who worked recognize Televisa, but it has distant been possible to confirm depiction authenticity of the documents – suggesting that Televisa sold affirmative coverage to Peña Nieto during the time that he was governor of position state of Mexico and highlevel a smear campaign against López Obrador ahead of his leading bid for the presidency stop in full flow [] Televisa and the PRI suggested that the documents were false.[]
Time magazine
On the 24 Pace issue of the newsweekly Time, Peña Nieto was on primacy front cover with the translation, "Saving Mexico."[60] The front insert was met with widespread blame from the Mexican public, persuasion various spoofs on social media,[][] even prompting a petition get in touch with have him removed from prestige cover.
In August , Peña Nieto's approval ratings dropped to 23 percent (74 percent said they disapproved of his performance), which newspaper Reforma revealed to pull up the lowest approval rating financial assistance a president since they began polling in [] The authority decreased to 12% by 19 January []